These included a ban on pesticide use while workers were in the fields, clean drinking water, and basic health benefits. In addition to representation and fair wages, the unions sought decent working conditions. These actions also publicized to the American public the substandard, often dangerous, working conditions in the fields. These strikes, between 19, ultimately unified the two primary agricultural unions and demonstrated the effective power of boycotts. With growers' failure to recognize the unions, the California farmworkers initiated a strike against grape growers. The push by union leaders to have farm workers fairly represented and under contract reached its apex after 1965. Because farm laborers were excluded from coverage under the provisions of the 1935 National Labor Relations Act, or Wagner Act, they sought to be legally protected in the workplace by unions as were the majority of workers in other industries throughout the United States. During the years before 1965, the agricultural unions-the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC) and National Farm Workers Association (NFWA)-sought recognition from grape growers and hoped to enter into contracts by fair negotiations as guaranteed by collective bargaining rights.
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